The failure of the PCB circuit board is like a programmer encountering a BUG. It is not as simple as making the board according to the process and putting components on it. What is difficult is a series of troubleshooting after the PCB board is completed. Today, the editor will tell you about the troubleshooting methods of PCB circuit boards.
Common PCB circuit board failures are mainly concentrated on components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, triodes, field effect transistors, etc. The integrated chips and crystal oscillators are obviously damaged, and the failure of these components can be judged by visual inspection. It is a more question. There are more obvious burning marks on the surface of electronic components with obvious damage. Like this kind of failure, the problem can be solved by directly replacing the problematic components with new ones.
Not all PCB circuit board faults can be directly observed with the eyes, and some faults need to be found with the help of specific tools for maintenance. Such as resistors, capacitors, transistors, etc., cannot be seen from the surface. Commonly used inspection tools are: multimeter, capacitance meter, etc. If it is detected that the voltage or current of an electronic component is not within the normal range, it means that there is a problem with this component or the previous component. At this time, it is necessary to replace the component and recheck whether it is normal.
What should we do if we encounter a fault that cannot be detected with eyes or tools and the circuit board does not work properly?
Many novices are helpless when encountering this kind of problem, and can only do it again or change a board. In fact, when encountering this kind of situation, many times it is during the installation process of components. Due to the coordination problem of various components, the performance may be unstable. Further testing is required to decide whether to redo the board.
How to detect it? In this case, the instrument obviously cannot help. We can try to judge according to the current and voltage, and try to narrow the possible range of the fault. Experienced engineers may be able to quickly judge the fault area, but It is not 100% sure which specific component is broken. The only way is to try to replace the suspect component until the problem component is found.
PCB circuit board is used as the carrier of components. In addition to the failure of electronic components, the circuit board itself will also have failures. The most common example is the dead tinned part. Due to technological reasons, during the corrosion process of PCB, there may be failures. A disconnection problem occurred. If such a fault cannot be repaired, the problem can only be solved with thin copper wire.
